U.S. diplomacy in Lebanon should focus on helping the Lebanese government solve the problem of Hezbollah, the Shia militia that has dragged Lebanon into another war by firing rockets at Israel in support of its ally Iran—the same group that has done everything in its power to prevent the emergence of a strong Lebanese state and to derail the U.S.-Lebanon relationship. By refusing to lay down its arms and give up its allegiance to Iran, Hezbollah has for decades effectively thwarted the Lebanese state-rebuilding process. For all the complexities of Lebanese governance and the ailments of the Lebanese sectarian system, nothing has been more detrimental to the cause of freedom, sovereignty, and economic prosperity than the radical rhetoric and militant activities of Hezbollah.