The agile methodology offers an important tool for dealing with unpredictability: vertical slicing. Traditional project-management approaches are all about running tests, analyzing results—and then implementing the project. The slicing technique is different: It delivers the project test by test. Each slice builds on the previous one to flesh out the larger-scale initiative. Think of the project as a cake—each slice has layers of frosting, filling, and cake, representing the different components of the project. Using the slicing technique, managers can run many small tests in different areas of uncertainty, and use the findings to make better decisions and deliver final products more quickly. An early slice of a new dating app, for example, might be a simple website to sign up customers and a psychologist in the back office who manually proposes matches to the first 100 people and connects them by email. For users, the app tastes like the whole cake, so to speak: They sign up, get matched, and connect with other users. Product managers use the findings about what makes a successful match to continue to build out the app, focusing new slices on becoming more appealing to female users, for example, or introducing messaging within the app.