The turn began in 2023 with the victories of figures like Mr. Milei, a chainsaw-wielding, self-professed libertarian, and President Daniel Noboa of Ecuador, a Miami-born banana-fortune heir. Since then, the right has triumphed in around two-thirds of Latin America’s electoral contests. Right-wing candidates look well placed to win elections this year in Peru and Colombia, while in Brazil Mr. Lula faces a tight contest against conservative challengers in his bid for a fourth term. Voters are no longer looking for social utopias; they’re worried about crime and making ends meet.